Public sculpture: El Cap de Barcelona, Roy Lichtenstein

After the City Council commissioned it for the 1992 Olympic Games, American artist Roy Lichtenstein produced the sculpture known as Barcelona Head in 1991. The 14-meter-high sculpture was installed in Port Vell’s Passeig de Colom. The sculptor Diego Delgado realized this, and Lichtenstein’s maquette is now part of the MACBA Collection. The artist’s style is characterized by bright colors – white, red, blue, yellow, and black. The brushstrokes evoke the visual language of comics. We see a face or head with pouting lips and big eyelashes against a background of red dots in relief.

The piece is a tribute to the city and its most famous architect, Antoni Gaudi and the aesthetics of the comic/pop art world. The artist used mosaic to hide parts of the work, a clear homage to Gaudi.

Berlin

Public sculpture: Molecule Man, Jonathan Borofsky

The Molecule Man is one of Berlin’s most famous monuments. The statue, which towers over the Spree, is visible from both sides of the river as people cross it. The 30m metal figure, created by American sculptor Jonathan Borofsky in 1997, is evocative of those that popped up in Los Angeles during the 1970s. The sculpture is made up of three two-dimensional figures leaning into one another. While the significance of this is left open-ended, most people believe it represents the point of intersection between the three neighborhoods where it stands; Treptow, Kreuzberg, and Friedrichshain.

Chicago

Public sculpture: Cloud Gate, Anish Kapoor

Cloud Gate, Anish Kapoor’s public art centerpiece for the Second City’s Millennium Park, is both artwork and architecture. It creates an Instagram-ready archway for Sunday strollers and other visitors to the park. The City sculpture, affectionately is known as The Bean by locals for its bent ellipsoidal form. Cloud Gate is made entirely of mirrored steel and is Kapoor’s most well-known work due to its reflectivity and vast scale.

Gateshead, England

Public sculpture: The Angel of the North, Anthony Gormley

Since becoming winner of the prestigious Turner Prize in 1994, Antony Gormley has become one of the most celebrated contemporary sculptors in the UK. However, he’s also known the world over for his unique take on figurative art. This is one in which wide variations in scale and style are based on the same template – a cast of the artist’s own body. According to Gormley, this work work is supposed to serve as a link between Britain’s industrial past and its post-industrial future.

Howick, South Africa

Public sculpture: Nelson Mandela, Marco Cianfanelli

Cianfanelli’s portrait of Nelson Mandela. The artwork, which is located in Howick, South Africa, was commissioned by Cultural Mechanics. This is a non-profit organization that funds cultural projects for governments all over the world. Cianfanelli’s sculpture is located along the R103 road. Nelson Mandela was apprehended here by apartheid security forces in 1962 and spent the following 27 years in prison.

New York, USA

Public sculpture: Love, Robert Indiana

Robert Indiana created a pop art artwork called Love. It consists of the letters L and O in bold Didone type slanted horizontally over the letters V and E; the O’s oblong negative space forms a line leading to the V.
In 1965, the original artwork was used as a print image for a Museum of Modern Art Christmas card. The artwork was shortly used on a popular US postage stamp in a similar manner. Love’s original sculpture was created in 1970 and is on exhibit at the Indianapolis Museum of Art in Indiana. COR-TEN steel is the material used.

Paris, France

Public sculpture: Le Pouce (The thumb), César Baldaccini

César was commissioned to create a work for the exhibition at the Claude-Bernard gallery in Paris in 1965. The sculptor discovered the idea of pantographic enlargement. He created an imprint of his own thumb using a cast that he enlarged to 40 cm. But because he had limited resources at the time, it was constructed of translucent pink plastic. Faced with the apparent phallic work’s success, he decides to recreate it in other sizes and materials.
In 1989, La Défense commissioned one from him. In 1994, Le Pouce opened on the forecourt of La Défense. The statue was restored to its former appearance in 2015.

Prague, Czech Republic

Public sculpture: Zaven mu, David Černý

The sculpture known also know as Man Hanging Out, was first constructed in 1996. It is the vision of Czech sculptor David ern, whose work can be found all across Prague. Cerny’s work is known for being purposely provocative, and this one is no exception. At a distance it appears surprisingly lifelike, and a number of people have mistaken it for a person in danger. It is, however, merely a sculptural statement about intellectualism in the twentieth century and ern’s ambiguity regarding it.

Various locations

Public sculpture: Le Pouce (The thumb), César Baldaccini, 1965Louise Bourgeois, Maman

In all its terrifying beauty, this bronze, stainless steel, and marble sculpture is as frightening as it is inspiring. It depicts a spider, that the artist interprets as her mother, who worked as a weaver and a was a clever creature just like a spider. The first Maman, which stood over 30 feet tall and over 33 feet wide (927 x 891 cm) and contained a net sack with 26 marble eggs, was built in 1999. Tate Modern, the National Gallery of Canada, and the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao are among its permanent venues. Its bronze equivalents were recently put outside Stockholm’s Moderna Museet and Moscow’s Garage Museum. Since then, the artwork has been replicated in a number of formats for use in exhibitions all over the world.

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Street art also referred to as guerrilla art, post-graffiti or neo-graffiti usually carries a simple social or political ideology. It is often compared to graffiti as an art form, mainly because of its choice of urban canvas. Although graffiti has played a major role in its development; it can be more closely aligned to other forms of media, pop art and graphic design.

The main difference is that this art form is usually official and commissioned unlike most graffiti. The biggest difference between street art vs graffiti is that street art is usually conducted with permission whereas grafitti isnt. Sometimes it can even be commissioned. Graffiti is tends to use words wheras street art generally uses images.

Today, street art has only a tenuous resemblance to the illegal graffiti culture from which it arose. While both make comments in public settings, graffiti emphasizes the written word while street art emphasizes the visual. As a result, street art can increasingly be found in galleries and museums, below we look at the history of this art form.

Street Art Timeline

1920s the birth of street art?

Mexico

Diego Riviera, one of Mexico’s most well-known painters, is also a key figure in Mexican muralism, the art of painting murals on public walls. The paintings, which were commissioned by the Mexican government and can still be found on practically every public building in Mexico, often carry nationalistic overtones. Muralismo has been shunned by many protest-oriented graffiti artists.

1930s

Paris

Photographer Brassai taking photos of graffiti that could be found on the streets of Paris; a long before it made its way to New York.


1960s

Brazil’s Pixação protest: During the military dictatorship in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from 1964 to 1985, illegal wall painting began. Pixaço began as a protest movement that sprayed tags and phrases on large structures in a cryptic manner. One of the tasks was to reach the tops of tall structures, so adventurous climbing was on the menu. Pixaço had a significant influence on Latin America’s street art culture.

Hungarian street photographer Brassa published a picture book about Grafitti.

1970s

New York

Colorful graffiti on the walls were a common sight in New York in the 1970s.

Buenos Aires

Stencil art developed in importance in Argentina’s street art scene as spraying became a method of protest against the military junta that ruled the country from 1976 to 1983. Stencils were useful because the work had to be completed rapidly in order to avoid arrest. Following the economic crisis of 2001, street art resurfaced, particularly in Buenos Aires. Many of the vibrant pieces of street art were created by invited artists.

1980s

They were recognized by the art world at large quite early on, and artists such as Keith Haring began to apply the techniques used in the graffiti scene. He began his Subway Drawings series in December 1980 and continued it through 1985.

New York was the core of the graffiti craze, as it was the city that popularized the art form and introduced street art into the mainstream. The 1984 picture book “Subway Art,” which depicted the artistic tags scribbled on the sides of subway vehicles, was pivotal in the art’s wider adoption. The film “Wild Style,” released the same year, linked the art form to hip hop culture.

Jean-Michel Basquiat

In the 1980s Basquiat conquered the New York gallery scene. He disagreed with the graffiti scene, which is why he was frequently associated with claiming that he is not a graffiti artist. Nonetheless, he used their method in his art.

As a sort of anti-graffiti, his tag, SAMO, has been sprayed on walls all across New York. Even now, his classification in art history books is contentious.

Switzerland

At the end of the 1970s, Harald Naegeli became known as the “Sprayer from Zurich.” After being captured and prosecuted in 1981, Naegeli fled to Germany. He was extradited to Switzerland in 1984 and served a six-month sentence. He is still regarded as one of Europe’s founding fathers of the scene due to his politically oriented street art.

The Berlin Wall

In the 1980s, it was realized that the Berlin Wall was the ideal canvas for graffiti. Artistic graffiti was created from scribbles on the wall; the northern section, in particular, became a playground for American-style graffiti. Following Germany’s reunification, 118 foreign artists were hired to adorn the remaining wall on Mühlenstraße in Berlin.

2000s

London: is a city that is constantly monitored. This has had an impact on the graffiti culture, as tags and written graffiti are frequently placed up “fast and filthy” – in an aggressive manner. After Banksy’s work became more well-known in the art world in 2000, a turf war erupted, with some graffiti artists labelling the unoriginal street art that followed as “art fags.”

Street art makes its way into museums

Although the messages of his work stand for the contrary message – autonomous political content – the artist Banksy marked a turning point in the commercialization and popularization of this artform. Some praised him for his breakthrough in the institutional art world while others slammed him.

First street art goes on sale

When Sotheby’s auctioned Banksy’s debut painting in 2005, it brought in nearly double the projected price. Celebrity collectors like Brad Pitt catapulted the artist to fame, and three years later, the first Banksy to sell for more over $1 million took place. With or without the artist’s permission, galleries are increasingly displaying images by Banksy and his contemporaries.

Street Art Tourism

In this selfie-obsessed era, city tourists adore street art. Tours of Germany’s capital city that focus on this highlights have grown extremely popular, in addition to the customary visit to Berlin’s East Side Gallery. Meanwhile, other cities have picked up on the trend and started offering these excursions as well.

In Germany, nearly every medium-sized city has its own urban art gallery. However, infotainment events like the magic city series, a major event marketed as “fun for the whole family,” are relatively new. The event, which was previously hosted in Dresden, will now be held in Munich in 2017. However, the question remains: can street art be used as a form of family entertainment? Would that have made sense to the company’s founders?

Most expensive street art sold at auction

In 2021 Banky’s Game Changer sells for £16,758,000 in the UK, breaking the artist’s previous World Auction Record. The proceeds from the sale will support variuos health and charity organizations in the UK

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